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The Wake County Public School System (WCPSS) is a public school district located in Wake County, North Carolina. With 155,184 students enrolled in 171 schools as of the 2014-2015 academic year,〔http://www.wcpss.net/domain/100/〕 it is the largest public school district in North Carolina and the 16th largest district in the United States.〔(Wake County schools have 149,528 students )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=District Facts )〕 == History == The current school system is the result of a 1976 merger between the previous (historically largely white) Wake County school system and the former (historically largely minority) Raleigh City schools. The merger was proposed initially by business leaders in the early 1970s out of concerns that continued "white flight" from Raleigh's inner-city schools would negatively impact the county's overall economy. Political and educational leaders also hoped that merging the two systems would ease court-mandated desegregation. The proposal proved initially unpopular with residents, however, who rejected it by a 3-1 margin in a non-binding referendum in 1973. School and business leaders instead convinced the North Carolina General Assembly to force the merger.〔http://wakeedpartnership.org/publications/d/WCPSS-30th.pdf〕 The district since has become notable for its integration efforts. Schools in the system are integrated based on the income levels reported by families on applications for federally subsidized school lunches, with the goal of having a maximum ratio of 40% low-income students at any one school. Consequently, thousands of suburban students are bused to magnet schools in poorer areas—and likewise, low-income students to suburban schools—to help maintain this income balance. Magnet schools are characterized as being public schools that specialize in a particular area, such as science or the arts, to encourage desegregation by drawing students from multiple neighborhoods and districts to the same school.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Center on School Choice - Resources - Types of School Choice )〕 Professor Gerald Grant of Syracuse University used Wake County as a metaphor of hope in his 2009 book ''Hope and Despair in the American City: Why There Are No Bad Schools in Raleigh''. Grant says, “The research is very clear that having the right mix of kids socioeconomically, as Wake County does, has enormous benefits for poor kids without hurting rich kids."〔 According to ''U.S. News and World Report'', in 2005, 63.8% of low-income students in Wake County passed the state's end of high school exams, which was significantly higher than surrounding counties that do not have similar integration policies. The county's residents are divided in their support for the system's integration program due, partially, to some of the means of achieving that integration, such as long bus rides for many students and a lack of neighborhood schools. Despite improved integration, test results among poorer students continue to lag: for the 2007-2008 school year, only 18% of the district's schools met the adequate yearly progress goals of the No Child Left Behind Act,〔 〕 with only 71 percent passing state standardized tests.〔 〕 Due to the recent U.S. Supreme Court ruling restricting the use of race in assigning students, Wake has been cited as a model for how other school systems can still maintain diversity in enrollment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=To Get Diversity, Some Schools May Look to Socioeconomic Class Rather Than Race )〕 In the effort to maintain economic diversity and keep up with rapid growth in its student population, Wake routinely reassigns thousands of students each year to different schools.〔http://www.wcpss.net/assignment-proposal/history.pdf〕 Many parents object to this annual shuffle. For the 2008-09 school year, for example, the school district has stated that it will reassign some 6,464 students in order to affect a new system-wide policy designed to help schools in the same geographic area achieve similar economic demographics. This wave of changes will require the reassignment of many low-income students to schools that have greater proportion of higher-income students.〔()〕 In February 2009, the school board approved a plan that would move 24,654 students to different schools over the next three years).〔()〕 The newly elected board gained a 5:4 Republican majority and was successful in overturning the integration policy that had been operating in Wake County for years. There are currently 171 public schools in the system, consisting of 104 elementary (K-5), 33 middle (6-8), 26 high (9-12), and 4 special/optional schools. With numerous new schools coming on line each year, the school board names new schools for a geographic feature (such as Holly Ridge) or for road where they are located (such as Athens Drive and Leesville Road) or for the geographic area they serve (such as Holly Springs High, Apex High and Garner High). The board, however, has recently tried to avoid naming schools after nearby subdivisions because such names may lead some residents to believe that the school is the "neighborhood school." Unlike earlier times, schools are no longer named after people, which has proven to be controversial in the past. Schools named prior to the current naming policy, however, retain their existing non-geographic names.〔(WCPSS: Board Policy - Naming of Schools (2570) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wake County Public School System」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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